- Applications:
- Solvent: Ethanol is commonly used as a solvent in various industries, such as for dissolving oils, resins, and waxes. It is also widely used in the production of paints, coatings, and varnishes.
- Disinfectant: Due to its antimicrobial properties, ethanol is widely used as a disinfectant in hospitals, medical facilities, and homes for sterilizing surfaces and medical instruments. It is also used in hand sanitizers.
- Fuel: Ethanol is used as an alternative fuel in the form of ethanol fuel or as an additive (ethyl alcohol) in gasoline to reduce air pollution and improve combustion efficiency. It is also used in biofuels.
- Pharmaceuticals: It is used in the production of tinctures, tonics, and other medicinal preparations. Ethanol is also a key ingredient in many pharmaceutical extracts and is used as a solvent in the formulation of medicines.
- Cosmetics & Personal Care Products: Ethanol is a key ingredient in many cosmetics and personal care products such as perfumes, colognes, and deodorants due to its ability to dissolve essential oils and other ingredients.
- Chemical Manufacturing: Ethanol serves as a raw material for the production of various chemicals, including acetic acid, acetaldehyde, and ethyl esters.
- Hazard Identification:
- Flammability: Ethanol is classified as a highly flammable liquid and vapor. It poses a significant fire hazard and should be kept away from heat, sparks, open flames, and other sources of ignition.
- Eye Irritation: Ethanol may cause serious eye irritation, leading to redness, tearing, or pain if it comes in contact with the eyes.
- Health Hazards: Prolonged or repeated exposure to ethanol vapors may cause drowsiness, dizziness, or headaches. Ingesting ethanol in large quantities can cause serious health issues, including alcohol poisoning.
- Inhalation Risk: Inhalation of ethanol vapors may lead to respiratory irritation and central nervous system depression, especially at higher concentrations.
- Environmental Hazards: Ethanol is biodegradable, but it can still have harmful effects on aquatic life in high concentrations.
- Precautionary Statements:
- Fire Prevention: Keep away from heat, hot surfaces, sparks, open flames, and other ignition sources. No smoking. Store in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area.
- Personal Protection: Wear protective gloves, eye protection, and face protection when handling ethanol. Ensure adequate ventilation to avoid inhalation of vapors.
- In Case of Eye Contact: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing. Seek medical attention if irritation persists.
- In Case of Inhalation: Remove person to fresh air and keep comfortable for breathing. If symptoms persist, seek medical attention.
- In Case of Skin Contact: Wash affected skin area with plenty of soap and water. If irritation or rash occurs, seek medical advice.
- If Swallowed: Do not induce vomiting. Call a poison center or doctor if you feel unwell. If possible, provide the person with water to drink, but do not attempt to give fluids to an unconscious person.
- Handling Spills: In case of a spill, immediately contain and remove sources of ignition. Use inert absorbent materials to clean up. Dispose of in accordance with local regulations.
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