Toluene (C₆H₅CH₃)

  • CAS Number: 108-88-3
  • EINECS Number: 203-625-9
  • Chemical Formula: C₆H₅CH₃
  • Molecular Weight: 92.14 g/mol
  • Appearance: Colorless liquid with a sweet, aromatic odor
  • Density: 0.866 g/cm³ (20°C)
  • Melting Point: -95°C
  • Boiling Point: 110.6°C
  • Flash Point: 4°C (Closed Cup)
  • Solubility: Slightly soluble in water; Miscible with most organic solvents such as alcohol, ether, acetone
  • Water Solubility: 0.52 g/100 mL (20°C)
  • pH Value: Not applicable (neutral)
  • Packaging Specifications: 230 kg drums
  • Preparation: Toluene is primarily produced by catalytic reforming of petroleum or by distillation of coke-oven tar.
  • Applications:
    • Solvent: Used as a solvent in paints, coatings, varnishes, and adhesives.
    • Raw Material: Used in the production of chemicals such as benzene, xylene, and toluene diisocyanate (TDI), a key component in the production of polyurethanes.
    • Fuel Additive: Used as a fuel additive in gasoline to enhance its octane rating.
    • Cleaning Agent: Used in industrial and laboratory settings as a cleaning solvent for oils, greases, and resins.
    • Extracting Agent: Used in the extraction of various plant oils and resins.
  • Hazard Identification:
    • Flammability: Highly flammable liquid and vapor, poses significant fire and explosion hazards.
    • Health Hazards: Can cause dizziness, drowsiness, and headaches upon inhalation. Prolonged exposure may lead to damage to the liver and kidneys.
    • Eye and Skin Irritation: May cause irritation to the eyes and skin upon prolonged contact. Repeated exposure can cause dryness and cracking of skin.
    • Inhalation Risks: Breathing in vapors at high concentrations may cause central nervous system depression, resulting in dizziness, headaches, and even unconsciousness.
    • Environmental Hazards: Toxic to aquatic life and can cause long-lasting adverse effects in the aquatic environment.
  • Precautionary Statements:
    • Fire Prevention: Keep away from heat, sparks, open flames, and other sources of ignition. Use explosion-proof electrical equipment in areas where toluene is used.
    • Personal Protection: Wear protective gloves, eye protection, and face protection when handling toluene. Ensure adequate ventilation to avoid inhaling vapors.
    • In Case of Eye Contact: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing. Seek medical attention if irritation persists.
    • In Case of Inhalation: Move the affected person to fresh air immediately. Seek medical attention if symptoms persist or worsen.
    • In Case of Skin Contact: Wash the skin thoroughly with soap and water. If irritation or rash develops, seek medical attention.
    • If Swallowed: Do not induce vomiting. Rinse mouth with water and seek medical attention immediately.
    • Handling Spills: Eliminate all sources of ignition. Use inert materials to absorb the spill and dispose of it in accordance with local environmental regulations.

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